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Study on the Gospel of John Chapter 4

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Jesus told, (14)“whoever drinks of the water that I will give him will never be thirsty again. The water that I will give him will become in him a spring of water welling up to eternal life.”

And Samaritans said, (42) “Jesus is the Savior of the world.”

Outline and Exposition

Jesus and the Woman of Samaria (1-45)

Jesus taught Samaritan woman the true worship and claimed that he is the Messiah. This is remarkable for his proclaim was toward an outcasted woman not the important (e.g., Pharisees). In this passage, we can find Jesus’ humanity (wearied) and deity (knows everything, omniscience).

(1) Pharisees: they were watching John the baptist (1:24) and Jesus. Study_on_the_Gospel_of_John_Chapter_3#Nicodemus, the Pharisees

(2) The disciples baptized with Jesus’ approval (see 3:22)

(3) left Judea: Success (which aroused opposition, see 7:1-8:59), not failure, led Jesus to leave Judea. This was as he planed and in his control.

(4) he had to pass through Samaria: may be b/c his mission not geography

(4) Samaria: Jews often avoided Samaria by crossing the Jordan and traveling on the east side (Mt 10:5, Lk 9:52)   (5) Sychar: A small village near Shechem. Jacob bought some land in the vicinity of Shechem (Ge 33:18-19), and he gave to Joseph (Ge 48:21-22)

(6) “the sixth hour” - noon time; people normally drew rather at the end of the day rather than in the heat of midday (Ge 24:11) after heat had cooled. (7) The women might try to avoid associating others.

(9) For Jews have no dealings with: (NIV) “do not associate with”; they held that all Samaritans were “unclean.”

(10) gift of God: God’s grace through Christ. Jesus gave life and gave it freely

living water: fresh, flowing water as of a spring or mountain stream, that revives and refreshes life. produces eternal life (v14)

(11) the well is deep: a well in this area was about 100 feet deep

(14) welling up: vigorous, abundant life (cf. 10:10) “I have come that they may have life, and have it to the full”

again - in Greek “forever”

(20) this mountain: Mount Gerizim. People had been blessed from this mountain (Dt 11:29, 27:12). The Samaritans had built a temple on this mountain.

(22) we worship what we know: The Samaritan Bible only contained the Pentateuch so they had partial knowledge of God.

for salvation is from the Jews: The Messiah would come from God’s historic people

(Ro 1:16) For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.

(26) Jesus said to her, “I who speak to you am he.”: First time Jesus officially said he was the Messiah

(27) They marveled: Jewish religious teachers rarely spoke with women in public

(32) I have food, (34) “My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to accomplish his work.

(Mt 4:4) Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.

(29) Samaritans also were waiting for the Christ, the Messiah

(38) Others: can be referring John the baptist, Jesus himself, and (OT) prophets

(1 Co 3:6-9) I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth. So neither he who plants nor he who waters is anything, but only God who gives the growth. He who plants and he who waters are one, and each will receive his wages according to his labor. For we are God's fellow workers. You are God's field, God's building.

(42) the Savior of the world: (1Jn4:14) And we have seen and testify that the Father has sent his Son to be the Savior of the world. (Jn 3:16) For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life. 

(45) the Galileans welcomed him: not as the Messiah but as a miracle worker. So, in a way, they were rejecting him (44). Still Jesus went Galilee because he came to die for our salvation

(Jn 1:29) The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, “Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!

he had done in Jerusalem at the feast: Jn 2:23

Jesus Heals an Official’s Son (46-54)

(48) you: The Greek for you is plural; twice in this verse; Jesus is rebuking about the general attitude of Galileans, not that of the official.

(50) your son will live: not simply a prophecy, but words of power. Jesus was healing, not forecasting a happy ending

(52) the seventh hour: 1 PM

(53) And he himself believed, and all his household.: the aim of this Gospel (Jn 20:31)

(54) the second sign: first one (Jn 2:11)

Topical Study

Samaria

Judea, Galilee and neighboring areas at the time of Jesus

Samaritan is a mixed-blood race resulting from the intermarriage of Israelites left behind when the people of the northern kingdom were exiled and Gentiles brought into the land by the Assyrians (2Ki 17:24). Bitter hostility existed between Jews and Samaritans in Jesus’ day. Samaritans were particularly hostile to Jews who were on their way to observe religious festivals in Jerusalem. It was at least a three-day journey, for example, from Galilee to Jerusalem through Samaria, and Samaritans refused overnight shelter for the pilgrims. Because of this antipathy, Jews often avoided Samaria by crossing the Jordan and traveling on the east side. See Mt10:5 and Lk 9:52.

As, (9) For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans. Jews would become ceremonially unclean if they used a drinking vessel handled by a Samaritan, since they held that all Samaritans were “unclean.”

Jesus’ Humanity and Deity

Jesus is true God and true man. (Jn 1:14) “the Word became flesh and dwelt among us” In chapter 4, we also can observe His humanity and deity.

  • Humanity: (6) wearied as he was from his journey
  • Deity: Jesus knew all about the Samaritan woman; healed the official’s son

Gift (Living Water)

(10) gift: God’s grace through Christ. Jesus gave life and gave it freely. living water: not stagnant but flesh, flowing water, as of spring or mountain stream, that revive and refreshes life; which produces eternal life (v. 14). The gift, living water, eternal life, is given as Holy Spirit (Jn 7:37-39).

"Gift", In Greek, δωρεὰν (dōrean) and the same word is used in,

  • (Acts 2:38) And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.
  • (Acts 8:20) But Peter said to him, “May your silver perish with you, because you thought you could obtain the gift of God with money!
  • (Acts 10:45) because the gift of the Holy Spirit was poured out even on the Gentiles.
  • (Acts 11:17) If then God gave the same gift to them as he gave to us when we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ
  • (Rm 5:15) the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. (and Rm 5:17)
  • (2 Co 9:15) Thanks be to God for his inexpressible gift!
  • (Ep 3:7) Of this gospel I was made a minister according to the gift of God's grace, which was given me by the working of his power. 

“δῶρον (dóron)” is used for “gift”;

  • (Ep 2:8) “For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God.”

Worship in Spirit and Truth

(24) God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.

The place of worship is irrelevant, because true worship must be in keeping with God’s nature, which is spirit. In John’s Gospel truth is associated with Christ a fact that has great importance for the proper understanding of Christian worship. Worship in spirit is we love God, out of love we obey, proclaim Him, and as a result we glorify (honor) and enjoy His joy; commune with Him in life.

(Jn 1:14) And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth. 

(Jn 14:6) Jesus said to him, “I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me. 

Worship became a matter of the heart, not external actions, and directed by truth rather than ceremony. True worship must be “in spirit,” that is, engaging the whole heart. Unless there’s a real passion for God, there is no worship in spirit. At the same time, worship must be “in truth,” that is, properly informed.

“I should think myself in the way of my duty to raise the affections [emotions] of my hearers as high as possibly I can, provided that they are affected with nothing but truth.” (Jonathan Edwards)

“Worship, by the way, is not music. Worship is loving God. Worship is honoring God. Worship is knowing God for who He is, adoring Him, obeying Him, proclaiming Him as a way of life. Music is one way we express that adoration.” (John McArthur)

Woman's Reaction

(28) So the woman left her water jar and went away into town and said to the people

The Samaritan woman immediately witnessed Jesus Christ even leaving the water jar which was why she was there for. And told, (29) “Come, see a man who told me all that I ever did.

“Come, see”: Philip told to Nathanael same thing in (Jn 1:46)

They who meet Jesus Christ, who know Him, and who understand how much they need Him will witness. And Holy Sprit empowers them to do so (Acts 1:8).

Memory verses

  • (24) God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.
  • (34) Jesus said to them, “My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to accomplish his work.

References

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