Study on the Gospel of John Chapter 1

John starts his Gospel with, (1) In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. And (14) And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son[d] from the Father, full of grace and truth. John shows who Jesus is - both God and Man; he is Son of God, and also God who came to earth as flesh to deliver us from sin.

The purpose of this Gospel is mentioned at (20:31) "these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name." With that the evangelical purpose in mind, "the Word became flesh" summarizes the Gospel.

Outline and Exposition

The Word Became Flesh (1-18)

Declaration of Christ’s deity

(1) In the beginning, a deliberate echo of Ge 1:1 to link God’s action in behalf of the world through Jesus Christ (cf. 3:16) with his first work, the creation of the world.

(1) Word, Greek logos, the Jews used it to refer to

• the “word” of God by which he created the world and governs it (Ps 33:6, 119:89, 147:15, 18)
• the law of God that he gave Israel to be their life (Dt 32:47, Dt 30:20)

(1) ”with God”, the Word was distinct from the Father, ”was God” Jesus was God in the fullest sense (Ro 9:5)

(4) life, Christ’s gift (10:10, 28) and he, in fact, is “the life” (14:6)

(4) the light of men, the Gospel links light with Christ, from whom comes all spiritual illumination. He holds out wonderful hope of humanity (8:12) and for the creation (3:16). An OT (Ps 36:9) links between life and light.

(7) as a witness, John the Baptist’ singular ministry was to testify to Jesus (10:41),

(9) coming into the world, the incarnation of Christ, world, can mean universe, the earth, the people on earth, most people, people opposed to God, or the human system opposed to God’s purpose.

(12) he gave the right, membership in God’s family is by grace alone - the gift of God (Eph 2:8-9). It is never a human achievement, as (13) emphasizes; yet the imparting of the gift is dependent of human reception of it, as the words “received” and “believed” make clear

(12) children of God, (13) born … of God , have been given a new openness to and relationship with God that was not theirs as a result of their natural birth (3:3,5; 2Co 5:17; Gal 6:15; Tit 3:5)

(14) flesh, a strong, almost curse, word that stresses the reality of Christ’s humanity

(14) we have seen his glory, Christ revealed his glory to his disciples by the miracles he performed (2:11) and by his death and resurrection

(14) grace, a significant Christian concept (4:2, Gal 1:3, Eph 1:2), also (16) that came through Moses has added the greater “grace”

(14) truth, linked it closely with Jesus, who is the truth (14:6)

(18) the one and only Son, who is himself God, an explicit declaration of Christ’s deity (1, 14, 3:16, Ro 9:5)

(18) has made him known, no one can see God (Ex 33:20), now, however, Christ “has made him known” (2Co 4:4; Co 1:15,19; 2:9)

John the Baptist’s Testimony about Jesus (19-34)

(19) Jews, were waiting for Christ (Messiah), Elijah: (Mal 4:5), Prophet: (Dt 18:15)

(23) applied the prophecy of (Isa 40:3) calling people to repent in preparation for the coming of the Messiah

(24) Pharisees, the conservative religious party, who probed deeper than the rest of the delegation (19, Mt 3:7, Mk 2:16, Lk 5:17)

(25) the Christ, means “the Anointed One”. In OT times anointing signified being set apart for service, particularly as king (1Sa 16:1,13) or priest (Ex 28:41; 29:7; 30:30;40:13,15). But people were looking for not just an anointed one but the Anointed One, the Messiah (Mt 16:16)

(29) the Lamb of God, the lamb offered at Passover, or the lamb of Isa 53:7, of Jer 11:19, of Ge 22:8 or of Rev 5:6. It may be that John chose this unique way to referring to Jesus’ mission to point both to the sacrificial offering that Jesus would become and to his subsequent conquest of all evil powers - the two ways by which he “takes away the sin of the world” (1 Jn 2:2)

(32) see Mt 3:15 for Jesus’ baptism

(33) baptizes with the Holy Spirit, John baptized with water, but Jesus would baptize with the Spirit - by which he would cause those who believe in him to participate in the powers and graces of the new life he came to give (20:22; Ac 1:5; 2:4; 11:15,16; 19:4-6; 1Co 12-14; Gal 3:5,14; 4:6; 5:16-25; Eph 1:13; 3:16; 5:18; Php 3:3; 1Th 4:8)

(33) Holy Spirit, normal title of "Holy Spirit" in the NT - though, in this Gospel, only used in (14:26; 20:22) emphasizing his holiness rather than his power of greatness

John’s Disciples Follow Jesus (35-42)

(35) two of his disciples: one is Andrew (40) and another one's name is not written but it's known as John (the author of this Gospel)

(39) the tenth hour: 4 PM

(40) Andrew: one of the 12 apostles (Mt 10:2)

(42) Cephas (which means Peter): he was impulsive and unstable. In Acts, he was a pilar of the early church. Jesus named him not for what he was but for what, by God's grace, he would become (Mt 16:18)

Jesus Calls Philip and Nathanael (43-51)

(45) the son of Joseph, not a denial of the virgin birth of Christ (Mt 1:18-25; Lk 1:26-35). Joseph was Jesus’ legal, though not his natural, father

(49) Rabbi, Hebrew word for “(my) teacher.”

(51) you will see heaven opened, in Jesus’ ministry the disciples will see heaven’s (God’s) testimony to Jesus as plainly as if they heard an announcement from heaven concerning him. the angels of God ascending and descending, as in Jacob’s dream (Ge 28:12), thus marking Jesus as God’s elect one through whom redemption comes to the world

(51) Son of Man, Jesus’ favorite self designation. In (Da 7:13,14), pictured as a heavenly figure who in the end times is entrusted by God with authority, glory ad sovereign power.

Topical Points

Judea, Galilee and neighboring areas at the time of Jesus

Jesus is

• God: (1) In the beginning was the Word, (18) who is himself God
• Son of God (same nature with God): (14), (18), (34), (49), 3:16, 20:31
• Life: (4)
• Light: (4), (5), (7), (9)
• Lamb of God: (29), (36)
• Christ, Messiah, King of Israel: (25), (41), (49)
• Son of Man: (51)
• (15) he was before me, John is older, but it’s only apparent, since Jesus, as the Word, existed before he was born on earth
• (27) the strap of whose sandal I am not worthy to untie., a menial task, fit for a slave. Disciples would perform all sorts of service for their rabbis (teachers), but loosing sandal thongs was expressly excluded.

John the Baptist

• Jesus said - (Mt 11:11)”Truly, I say to you, among those born of women there has arisen no one greater than John the Baptist.”
• Luke chapter 1 tells John’s father was a priest, his parents had him on their very old ages with God’s provision. Angel foretold about his future, mission … (Lk 1:80) And the child grew and became strong in spirit, and he was in the wilderness until the day of his public appearance to Israel.
• a witness to testify, (6-8) There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. He came as a witness, to bear witness about the light, that all might believe through him. He was not the light, but came to bear witness about the light.
• (23) I am the voice as in (Isa 40:3)

Jesus' Baptism

v32 is referring Jesus' baptism and Matthew chapter 3 has more detail.

(Mt 3:13-17) Jesus’ baptism marked the beginning of his Messianic ministry. There were several reasons for his baptism:

1. The first, mentioned here, was “to fulfill all righteousness.” His baptism indicated that he was consecrated to God and officially approved by him, as especially shown in the descent of the Holy Spirit (v16) and the words of the Father (v17; Ps 2:7; Isa 42:1). All God’s righteous requirements for the Messiah were fully met in Jesus.
2. At Jesus’ baptism John publicly announced the arrival of the Messiah and the inception of his ministry (Jn 1:31-34)
3. By his baptism Jesus completely identified himself with humanity’s sin and failure (though he himself needed no repentance of cleansing from sin), becoming our substitute (2Co 5:21).
4. His baptism was an example of his followers.

Calling Disciples

• Some through others: John’s two disciples (37), Simon (41), Nathanael (45)
• Some directly: Phillip (43), Matthew (Mt 9:9)
• Humble choices: Jesus didn't go around nations for best guys but selected just normal guys from humble small towns around; actually Jesus Him was born in the humble area. Jews looked down on Galilee & Nazareth at that time (John 1:46).

How salvation works

• Seeking soul: 38, 39, 45, 47
• Seeking savior: 38, 39, 43, 47
• Seeking saint: 40, 41, 42, 45

References

• ESV Biblegateway.com
• 2002 NIV Study Bible (Zondervan)
• John McArthur Sermons

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